Hom no yog siv los ntsuas AC ib-theem lub zog ua haujlwm nrog qhov ntsuas zaus ntawm 50 Hz, thiab paub txog kev tswj hwm kev them nyiaj ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd siv hluav taws xob. Txais siv cov thev naus laus zis microelectronic siab heev rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv, ua haujlwm thiab khaws cia, thiab siv daim npav xov tooj cua xa cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov txheej txheem ua ntej khaws cia
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev khaws cia ua ntej, ib qho yog hom code thiab lwm qhov yog sau daim npav.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog: kev tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv yuav khoom hluav taws xob los tsim cov txheej txheem encrypted, uas tau muab rau tus neeg siv nkag rau hauv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob. Tom qab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob raug txiav tawm kom raug, cov hluav taws xob khaws cia ua ntej lossis tus nqi tau txais thiab khaws cia.
Kev sau daim npav: sau lub hwj chim ua ntej lossis tus nqi rau hauv daim npav hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb (nco), thiab muab daim npav hluav taws xob rau tus neeg siv sib txuas lus nrog cov ntsuas ntsuas, thiab tus nqi ua ntej yuav raug xa mus rau lub ntsuas.
Daim npav hluav taws xob, lossis IC daim npav, lossis daim npav yuav khoom hluav taws xob, yog txhua yam ua los ntawm cov IC tshwj xeeb tom qab ntim tshwj xeeb. Cov npav yuav khoom hluav taws xob feem ntau muab faib ua hom kev sib cuag thiab tsis sib cuag raws li txoj kev sib txuas lus.
Hom kev sib cuag muaj xws li: daim npav npav thiab daim npav tseem ceeb, thiab hom tsis sib cuag suav nrog: daim npav xov tooj cua zaus thiab daim npav tswj chaw taws teeb.
txoj cai ua haujlwm
Lub zog hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: ib qho yog qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas siv lub zog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob los xam cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab tam sim no, thiab tsim cov metering pulses sawv cev hluav taws xob ncaj qha siv rau hluav taws xob yuam kev. kev txheeb xyuas, thiab tib lub sijhawm mus rau MCU Qhov kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj ua lub zog suav; Qhov thib ob yog microprocessor MCU tswj ib feem, uas xam cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob raws li lub zog hluav taws xob mem tes ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, thiab sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm xov tooj cua zaus daim npav interface. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws siv ntau qhov kub thiab txias LCD los tso saib thiab nias qhov chaw Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov sib nqus tuav relay tswj tus neeg siv lub zog noj.
Nta
1. Nta ntawm prepaid watt-teev meter:
1. Siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob loj sib xyaw ua ke thiab SMT ua tshuab kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom lag luam muaj kev ntseeg siab
2. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, tsawg dua li lub teb chaws tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua
Cov kab hluav taws xob: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.7W thiab 4VA (National standard: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 2W thiab 10VA)
Cov kab tam sim no: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau {{0}}.3VA (tus qauv hauv tebchaws: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 4.0VA)
3. Muaj zog tiv thaiv kev nyiag ua haujlwm. Ib-theem hluav taws xob watt-teev meter uas tsim los ntawm peb lub tuam txhab txais kev siv thev naus laus zis los tiv thaiv tub sab. Nws tsis tsuas yog muaj cov kev siv hluav taws xob zoo tib yam xws li tiv thaiv lub 'meter' los ntawm tilting, siv ib qho chaw sib nqus, luv luv, thiab rov qab siv hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tub sab nyiag ntawm ib qho hluav taws kub mus rau ib qho chaw.
4. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv, nws yog tsim los nrog ib tug anti-tub sab tub nyiag kawg cover los tiv thaiv luv luv Circuit Court
5. Qhov ntau ntawm watt-teev 'meter' yog qhov dav, thiab cov khoom siv ntau dhau yog lav rau ntau tshaj 6 zaug
6. Lub watt-teev meter muaj ib qho kev tiv thaiv logic Circuit Court, thiab 125 feem pua ntawm qhov hluav taws xob yog siv, thiab lub ntsuas watt-teev tsis muaj qhov ntsuas pulse.
7. Thaum lub ntsuas watt-teev nyob ntawm 0.4 feem pua Ib, lub ntsuas watt-teev tuaj yeem pib thiab sau
8. Lub watt-teev meter muaj qhov dav ua haujlwm voltage ntau: thaum 380VAC siv tsis raug rau lub sijhawm ntev, lub watt-teev meter tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm.
2. Prepaid watt-teev meter muaj nuj nqi:
1. Tsis siv neeg txiav lub hwj chim tom qab siv hluav taws xob yuav
2. Load tswj tau xaiv, overload ncua fais fab tuag
3. Tswb rau cov roj teeb uas tsis muaj txaus los ceeb toom cov neeg siv yuav khoom hluav taws xob hauv lub sijhawm
4. Lub vijtsam LCD muaj cov ntaub ntawv siv hluav taws xob pom tseeb, uas yooj yim rau cov neeg siv saib
5. Lub vijtsam LCD qhia txog lub zog uas muaj zog thiab lub zog ntxiv nyob rau tib lub sijhawm kom meej thiab intuitively
6. Daim npav ISO tus qauv IC txais cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb dynamic encryption algorithm, uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha, nrog ib meter thiab ib daim npav
7. Loj-muaj peev xwm nyeem daim npav nyeem ntawv, ua tiav thiab raug ntsuas ntsuas
8. Daim npav yuav khoom hluav taws xob yuav cia li luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv siv hluav taws xob rov qab los pab tswj thiab txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv
9. Dedicated teeb tsa daim npav thiab daim npav hloov pauv kom yooj yim rau kev sau npe thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm lub chaw tswj xyuas
10. Txais kev siv hluav taws xob tua hluav taws xob los xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis poob rau 30 xyoo tom qab fais fab tuag
kev lag luam kev cia siab
Qhov kev thov ntawm lub hwj chim system tswj department rau prepaid watt-teev meters yog qhia ib tug sib txawv txoj kev loj hlob qauv. Cov nram qab no yog ntau yam prepaid watt-teev meters uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau los ntawm tam sim no lub hwj chim system tswj department thiab cov neeg siv tshwj xeeb:
(1) Peb-theem prepaid watt-teev metres haum rau cov neeg siv hluav taws xob me me thiab nruab nrab / cov tsev lag luam uas muaj peev txheej loj thiab nyiam ua lag luam.
(2) Nws yog tsim nyog los daws peb-theem prepaid watt-teev meter nrog ib meter thiab ntau daim npav siv nyob rau hauv irrigated av los ntawm ntau tsev neeg peasant.
(3) Haum rau peb-theem ntau tus nqi them ua ntej watt-teev metres nrog cov nqi thiab kev siv sijhawm.
(4) Ib-theem them tus nqi them ua ntej watt-teev meter tsim nyog rau kev ua raws li txoj cai ntawm kev siv lub sij hawm siv
(5) Ib-theem prepaid watt-teev meters haum rau cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig
Lub xeev ntawm kev loj hlob
Ua ntej xyoo 1995, feem ntau yog daim npav IC tseem ceeb, nrog 93C46 thiab 24C01 ua daim npav IC tseem ceeb raws li cov ntawv sau rov sau tau (EEPROM) lossis daim npav nco dav dav. IC phaib tau yooj yim khaws cia, siv tau yooj yim, pheej yig, thiab muaj kev ruaj ntseg tsawg. Qhov ua tau tawg, cov neeg siv feem ntau yog cov cuab yeej hauv zej zog.
Los ntawm 1995 txog 1999, nws yog daim npav xov tooj IC daim npav tshwj xeeb, nrog daim npav nco (24C01) thiab daim npav logical encryption (4442, 4428) ua cov tseem ceeb. Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim npav logical encryption (4442, 4428) tau txhim kho ntxiv, thiab cov chips embedded yog Tus tswj logic ntxiv rau sab nraum qhov chaw cia, thiab tus password yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej nkag mus rau thaj chaw cia. Tsuas yog thaum tus password raug raug tuaj yeem ua tiav. Cov neeg siv tau nthuav dav los ntawm cov cuab yeej yooj yim hauv zej zog mus rau lub chaw tswj hwm ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab lawv tau pib siv dav hauv qhov loj.
Txij xyoo 1998 mus txog rau tam sim no, feem ntau yog nyiaj txiag-qib IC phaib, nrog CPU card (CPU card thiab SAM module raws li encryption media) raws li lub ntsiab CPU card embedded nti yog sib npaug rau ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm ib leeg-chip microcomputer, tshwj tsis yog rau cov tswj sab hauv, nco, sij hawm Ntxiv nrog rau kev tswj cov logic, nws kuj muaj ib chav tsev algorithm thiab kev khiav hauj lwm, nrog lub peev xwm loj, muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo, thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia ruaj ntseg. Ua tus thawj coj hauv kev nce qib hauv Beijing Power Supply Bureau, thiab pib txhawb hauv Henan, Hunan thiab lwm lub nroog.
Prepaid watt-teev meters tau coj tau yooj yim thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev them nyiaj thiab ntsuas ntsuas ntawm lub tuam tsev hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab tseem coj cov txiaj ntsig rau cov tuam txhab; raws li IC daim npav them ua ntej watt-teev meters manufacturers yuav tsum kawm tag nrho ntawm rooj plaub. Muaj ntau txoj kev xav uas tuaj, nquag ua rau kev xav txog tus kheej, tiv thaiv micro-faults, thiab nquag tshem tawm cov khoom muaj teeb meem, thiaj li ua lub luag haujlwm rau lub tuam txhab nws tus kheej, rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam, thiab rau lub zej zog! Ua haujlwm ua ke los tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev lag luam watt-teev meter!
Yuav ua li cas rau nruab thiab siv
Thaum txhim kho lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ua ntej, txoj haujlwm teeb tsa yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntsug thiab txuas nrog raws li daim duab thaiv.
4.1 Qhib lub hau ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg khawm lub thawv ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, tom qab ntawd txuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg khawm thaiv raws li daim duab thaiv, thiab tig lub hwj chim.
4.2 Tus neeg siv ntxig lub hwj chim IC daim npav ua ntej mus rau hauv lub ntsuas ntawm qhov taw qhia ntawm lub xub ntawm daim npav (cov xov tooj ntawm lub ntsej muag rau sab laug), cov zaub thawj zaug qhia F1, tom qab ntawd qhia lub hwj chim tam sim no, tom qab ntawd stably qhia F2. , thiab tom qab ntawd cov zaub qhia txog lub zog qub ntxiv ntxiv rau lub zog yuav khoom tshiab Cov lej yog lub zog tam sim no. Lub sijhawm no, daim npav IC tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thiab cov zaub tawm mus. (Piv txwv li, thaum lub zog tseem tshuav hauv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob qis dua lub tswb ntsuas lub zog, cov zaub yog ib txwm nyob, thiab thaum cov lej ntawm lub zog qub hauv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab lub zog hauv daim npav yuav khoom yog ntau dua 9999kWh, lub hwj chim hauv daim npav tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsuas thiab tseem khaws cia rau hauv daim npav.)
4.3 Thaum tus neeg siv siv hluav taws xob, lub ntsuas pulse yuav flash.
4.4 Thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm siv ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob them ua ntej, hluav taws xob yuav yuav raug txiav tawm. Thaum cov hluav taws xob seem hauv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg dua 20 degrees, cov zaub qhia txog lub zog tam sim no kom ceeb toom cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob. Thaum lub hwj chim tseem tshuav sib npaug li 10 degrees, lub hwj chim tsis ua hauj lwm ceeb toom tus neeg siv yuav hluav taws xob. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau ntxig daim npav IC rau hauv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ib zaug kom rov qab tau lub zog. Thaum lub hwj chim seem yog xoom, lub hwj huam mov yuav tsum nres.
4.5 Ib 'meter', ib daim npav, tom qab txhua qhov kev yuav khoom hluav taws xob tshiab, tus neeg siv tsuas tuaj yeem ntxig nws tus kheej ntsuas kom nkag mus rau cov hluav taws xob zoo ib zaug.
4.6 Cov zaub ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob them ua ntej feem ntau tsis teeb. Yog tias tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub zog ntxiv, ntxig daim npav IC rau hauv lub ntsuas, thiab F1 yuav lub hwj chim zaub qhia tias xoom, F2 qhov seem fais fab zaub, thiab daim npav tshem tawm tawm mus.
4.7 Txhua zaus tus neeg siv ntxig daim npav IC rau hauv lub ntsuas them ua ntej, lub ntsuas yuav sau tus neeg siv hluav taws xob siv ntawm daim npav IC. Thaum tus neeg siv yuav khoom hluav taws xob lwm zaus, kev tswj hwm kev muag khoom yuav nyeem cov ntaub ntawv IC daim npav thiab xyuas seb tus neeg siv puas siv hluav taws xob raug cai. Cov kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem siv daim npav tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov neeg siv.
4.8 Lub tuam tsev tswj xyuas fais fab teeb tsa tus neeg siv lub zog siab tshaj plaws raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Thaum lub hwj chim tiag tiag tshaj qhov teeb tsa, lub hwj huam mov yuav tsum nres thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tso saib "E2" kom ceeb toom rau tus neeg siv kom txo lub zog load. Tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau ntxig daim npav IC rau hauv lub ntsuas thiab rov ua kom lub zog.